Problem B
Fading Wind
You’re competing in an outdoor paper airplane flying contest, and you want to predict how far your paper airplane will fly. Your design has a fixed factor $k$, such that if the airplane’s velocity is at least $k$, it will rise. If its velocity is less than $k$ it will descend.
Here is how your paper airplane will fly:
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You start by throwing your paper airplane with a horizontal velocity of $v$ at a height of $h$. There is an external wind blowing with a strength of $s$.
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While $h > 0$, repeat the following sequence:
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Increase $v$ by $s$. Then, decrease $v$ by $\max (1, \left\lfloor \frac{v}{10} \right\rfloor )$. Note that $\left\lfloor \frac{v}{10} \right\rfloor $ is the value of $\frac{v}{10}$, rounded down to the nearest integer if it is not an integer.
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If $v \ge k$, increase $h$ by one.
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If $0 < v < k$, decrease $h$ by one. If $h$ is zero after the decrease, set $v$ to zero.
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If $v \le 0$, set $h$ to zero and $v$ to zero.
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Your airplane now travels horizontally by $v$ units.
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If $s > 0$, decrease it by $1$.
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Compute how far the paper airplane travels horizontally.
Input
The single line of input contains four integers $h$, $k$, $v$, and $s$ $(1 \le h, k, v, s \le 10^3)$, where $h$ is your starting height, $k$ is your fixed factor, $v$ is your starting velocity, and $s$ is the strength of the wind.
Output
Output a single integer, which is the distance your airplane travels horizontally. It can be shown that this distance is always an integer.
Sample Input 1 | Sample Output 1 |
---|---|
1 1 1 1 |
1 |
Sample Input 2 | Sample Output 2 |
---|---|
2 2 2 2 |
9 |
Sample Input 3 | Sample Output 3 |
---|---|
1 2 3 4 |
68 |
Sample Input 4 | Sample Output 4 |
---|---|
314 159 265 358 |
581062 |